8:14,15
The disciples were perhaps a bit feckless, for they only had one loaf of bread with them. Jesus said to them “Be careful. Watch out for the yeast of the Pharisees and that of Herod.” (NIV). The word NIV (and others) have translated “yeast” is actually “leaven”, as ESV and others. Yeast (or leaven) is usually used in a negative sense, as here, is sometimes used in a positive sense. The key feature is that a small amount works its way through the whole batch. The attitudes of the Pharisees and the Herodians could have a very negative and destructive effect. The Pharisees and Herod were very different, but were equally dangerous.
8:16
The disciples demonstrated their lack of spiritual awareness, thinking Jesus was scolding them for not having enough bread. When we feel guilty, as the disciples did for having failed to buy some bread, then it skews our thinking. We think that everything is aimed at the thing we feel guilty about. It can lead to irrational thinking.
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